Most of the mango trees belong to the Mangifera indica species as the other species of Mangifera have lower quality fruits and they are also known as wild mangos.
The ripe fruit differ in color and size, such as orange, red, yellow and purple. Often red on the side facing the sun and are of yellow color are good quality mango and mango of green color are considered as the unripe fruit but the quality depends on the cultivar and the climate. Mangos are now produced and enjoyed in more than hundred countries. Top five mango cultivated countries are India, Thailand, China, Mexico and Pakistan.
Climate of each country is different and so the quality and species of mangoes differ. Some cultivars tend to cultivate a good percentage of this fruit without a fully developed seed due to the unpleasant weather during the fruit setting time.
Few Indian species of Mango are Alphonso, Amrapali, Bombay, Banganapalli, Bombay Green, Bangalora, Dashehari, Chausa, Fernandian, Fazli, Gulabkhas, Himsagar, Kishen Bhog, Kesar, Langra, Mankurad, Mallika, Mulgoa, Pairi, Neelum, Suvarnarekha, Samar Behisht Chausa, Vanraj, Totapuri, Zardalu. Among them 20 varieties are cultivated commercially in India and most of these species need specific ecogeographical conditions for growth.
Alphonso is the leading variety produced in Maharashtra and one of the favorite varieties of the country. This species is known by different names in various regions like Gundu, Badami, Appas, Khader, Happus and Kagdi Happus. Mango of this variety is medium in size with ovate shape and of orange yellow color. Keeping quality of this fruit is good and this is also exported to other countries.
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